Submission Guidelines
Here are some style guidelines for book and article submissions to ISBH. These are subject to change and updates, so it may be wise to check in periodically.
Basic format
Submissions must be sent as Microsoft Word documents. The text should be in Times New Roman 12 pt font, unless a special font is necessary, in which case, save the characters of the font into the document and notify the editor of the special font.
Headings should be set to Times New Roman 12 pt. font, double spaced, and aligned left. Paper should be set to letter (8.5”x11”). Paragraphs should be indented ½ inch with no additional space between paragraphs.
Blockquotes should be single spaced, no space before block quote, 12 pt. space after block quote, black font, Times New Roman 12 pt., regular face (not italic or bold unless from the original source), indented .5 inches on both sides, and aligned left.
Citations should appear in footnotes following current Turabian format and accompanied with a bibliography.
Sometimes a paper looks better if an extra space is added between paragraphs or if extra lines are added to the end of a page to begin a new section at the top of another page. Please do not tweak the appearance of the paper with extra spaces or paragraphs. The typesetter will make the text look right and extra spaces only make the typesetting stage all the more difficult.
Do | Don’t |
Leave typesetting to the typesetter | Attempt to resolve widow and orphan lines |
Use styles in Word’s Home menu | Use boldface instead of headings |
Set tabs in the Styles menu | Insert a tab at every paragraph |
Insert only one space after sentences and colons | Insert two spaces between sentences |
Use a spell checker and grammar checker | Submit a paper full of errors |
Reach out to the editor if you have any questions | Be afraid of the editor. He is a nice guy. |
Transliteration
Transliterate single words or small groups of words, then provide the words in the original alphabet in parenthesis. The purpose of transliteration is to help readers who lack a background in biblical languages. If the article relies upon an advanced understanding of the biblical languages and integrates a significant amount of text in the original languages, then the transliteration may be skipped.
When transliterating Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek, you will need some special characters:
These characters are all available in Times New Roman (as are the Greek and Hebrew alphabets). To transliterate a word, write the transliteration in italics, then the word in parenthesis. Examples: rāqîʿa (רָקִיעַ); pisteuō (πιστεύω). Note: The transliteration is italicized, but the non-Latin letters are not. Also, for the lexical forms of Hebrew and Aramaic verbs, it is common practice to provide the consonants only. Examples: qṭl (קטל); ktb (כתב).
Hebrew/Aramaic
ב b
ג g
ד d
ה h
ו w
ז z
ח ḥ
ט ṭ
י y
ך כ k
ל l
ן נ n
ס s
ע ʿ
ף פ p
ץ צ ṣ
ק q
ר r
שׂ ś
שׁ š
ת t
בַ a (furtive pataḥ)
בָ ā
בָה â (final qāmēṣ hê)
בָיו āyw (3rd masc. sg. suf.)
בֶ e
בֵ ē
בֵי ê (בֵיּ = êy)
בֶי ê (בֵיּ = êy)
בִ i
בִ ī (long ḥîreq)
בִי î
בֹ ō
וֹ ô
בֻ u (short qibbûṣ)
בֻ ū (long qibbûṣ)
וּ û
בֳ ŏ
בֲ ă
בֱ ĕ
בְ ə (vocal šəwāʾ)
Aramaic follows the same transliteration as Hebrew even though ṣērê and ḥôlem are frequently not markers of long vowels in Aramaic.
Greek
β b
γ g (n before γ, κ, ξ, or χ)
δ d
ε e
ζ z
η ē
θ th
ι i
κ k
λ l
μ m
ν n
ο o
π p
ρ r
ῥ rh
σ s
τ t
υ y (u in diphthongs: au, eu, ēu, ou, ui)
φ ph
χ ch
ψ ps
ω ō
Coptic
For Coptic, please use the Antinoou font and transliterate using the Leipzig-Jerusalem Transliteration of Coptic (with the following characters: a b g d e z ê th i k l m n ks o p r s t u ph ps ô š f h x č c ti x’ ç ç’):
ⲃ b
ⲅ g
ⲇ d
ⲉ e
ⲍ z
ⲏ ê
ⲑ th
ⲓ i
ⲕ k
ⲗ l
ⲙ m
ⲛ n
ⲝ ks
ⲟ o
ⲡ p
ⲣ r
ⲧ t
ⲩ u
ⲫ ph
ⲯ ps
ⲱ ô
ϣ š
ϥ f
ϩ h
ϧ x
ϫ č
ϭ c
ϯ ti
ⳉ x’
ⳃ ç
ⳋ ç’
The superlinear stroke should be encoded as U+FE24 after the first letter and U+FE25 after the final letter. If the stroke covers more than two letters, then the middle letter(s) will be followed with U+FE26. If there is a superlinear stroke over a single letter, then use the U+0304 for a short stroke.
Example:
96.1 ⲡ̣[ⲉϫⲉ] ⲓ︤ⲥ︥︥ ϫⲉ ⲧⲙ︤ⲛ︥ⲧⲉⲣⲟ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲓⲱⲧ⳿ ⲉⲥⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱ[ⲛ ⲁⲩ]ⲥϩⲓⲙⲉ 96.2 ⲁⲥϫⲓ ⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩⲉⲓ ⲛ̄ⲥⲁⲉⲓⲣ [ⲁⲥϩ]ⲟ̣ⲡϥ⳿ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϣⲱⲧⲉ ⲁⲥⲁⲁϥ ⲛ̄ϩⲛ̄ⲛⲟ[ϭ ⲛ̄]ⲛⲟⲉⲓⲕ⳿ 96.3 ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲩⲙ̄ ⲙⲁⲁϫⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲙⲁ[ⲣⲉ]ϥ̣ⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄⳿ (Gospel of Thomas 96)
If you use Coptic text, please call this to the attention of the editor in the email when you submit the paper, even if you only include a small textual criticism notation such as Ⲉ.
Egyptian hieroglyphs
For Egyptian hieroglyphs, please use JSesh to convert the hieroglyphic text to .svg and paste it into the document. If you only use single hieroglyphs in the document, then providing them with Segoe UI Historic font is an acceptable alternative, but do not combine a font version and an .svg version in the same document. For transliteration, use the Leiden Unified Transliteration as adopted in at the 13th International Congress of Egyptologists in Leiden. You will need the following characters: ꜣ ı͗ y ï ꜥ w b p f m n r h ḥ ḫ ẖ z s š q k g t ṯ d ḏ
𓇋 ı͗
𓇌 y
𓏭 ï
𓂝 ꜥ
𓅱 𓏲 w
𓃀 b
𓊪 p
𓆑 f
𓅓 m
𓈖 n
𓂋 r
𓉔 h
𓐍 ḫ
𓄡 ẖ
𓊃 z
𓋴 s
𓈙 š
𓈎 q
𓎡 k
𓎼 g
𓏏 t
𓍿 ṯ
𓂧 d
𓆓 ḏ
Other languages
If you use another language that needs to be transliterated, then please transliterate with ALA-LC (American Library Association – Library of Congress) standards of romanization for that language. Use Times New Roman if the alphabet is available. Contact the editor if the alphabet is not available in Times New Roman. If you use a language with any alphabets other than English, Hebrew, Aramaic, or Greek, please notify the editor so he can work it out with the typesetter. We welcome other languages and are prepared to work with any technical difficulties that arise with non-Latin alphabets.
Avoiding common mistakes
Use small caps for Lord, lxx, bc or ad, and am or pm.
We use Lord, not LORD, when it is brought over from the four-letter Hebrew name of God. Many English Bible translations use this convention, so if you are copying and pasting from a Bible that uses Lord, make sure it carries over. We only use this translation for the Hebrew; we do not use it when we write about God in English or when we translate from Greek, unless the English or Greek is speaking specifically of the name of God (in which case, we would be more likely to use Jehovah anyway).
You can find small caps in the font menu. Write out the word as: Lord, bc, ad, am, pm, etc., and then highlight the word, go to the Font menu, and select Small Caps.
En dash for a range of numbers
Use the en dash (–), not the hyphen (-), to show a range of numbers, pages, dates, verses, etc. John 3:16–18, not John 3:16-18. You may type an en dash by enabling the num lock, holding down the alt key, typing 0150 on the keypad, then releasing alt. A similar character is the em dash (—) which is used for interjections and can be typed with alt 0151.
If you have already written a paper and realized that you’ve used hyphens instead of en dashes, here is how to fix it.
- Go to “Find and Replace”
- Click on the “Replace” tab
- In the “Find what” field type ([0-9])-([0-9])
- In the “Replace with” field type \1–\2 (notice the en dash in between, not a hyphen)
- Select “Use wildcards”
- Click “Replace All”
One space after sentence and colon
In the days of the typewriter, it was common practice to use two spaces after periods and colons. With modern word processors and typesetting, this is no longer the standard practice. Please use only one space (you may use the find and replace tool mentioned above to replace two spaces with one).
Denoting manuscripts
When writing about a specific papyrus, use 𝔓 with superscript (for example, 𝔓75) and for Majority Text, use 𝔐. These characters are not in Times New Roman, so Cambria Math is the preferred font for them. An abbreviation for the Alexandrian text itself is the Coptic letter Ⲉ. This symbol should be written in Coptic with the Antinoou font. Only use Times New Roman in your paper unless there are characters or languages that require special fonts. If you use a special font, please inform the editor in the email when you submit your paper. To denote that the Majority Text is divided, use Mpt. Some manuscripts are known by a long name and an abbreviation; if you want to use the abbreviation, please use both the full nomenclature and the abbreviation at first mention before switching to single letter. Here are some key Alexandrian manuscripts with their abbreviations:
א Codex SinaiticusB Codex Vaticanus
A Codex Alexandrinus
C Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus
Q Codex Guelferbytanus B
T Codex Borgianus
I Codex Freerianus
Z Codex Dublinensis
L Codex Regius
W Codex Washingtonianus
Abbreviations for books of the Bible
Exodus Exod.
Leviticus Lev.
Numbers Num.
Deuteronomy Deut.
Joshua Josh.
Judges Judg.
Ruth Ruth
1 Samuel 1 Sam.
2 Samuel 2 Sam.
1 Kings 1 Kings
2 Kings 2 Kings
1 Chronicles 1 Chron.
2 Chronicles 2 Chron.
Nehemiah Neh.
Esther Esth.
Job Job
Psalm Ps./Pss.
Proverbs Prov.
Ecclesiastes Ecc.
Song of Songs Song
Isaiah Isa.
Jeremiah Jer.
Lamentations Lam.
Ezekiel Ezek.
Hosea Hos.
Joel Joel
Amos Amos
Obadiah Obad.
Jonah Jonah
Micah Mic.
Nahum Nah.
Habakkuk Hab.
Zephaniah Zeph.
Haggai Hag.
Zechariah Zech.
Malachi Mal.
Mark Mark
Luke Luke
John John
Acts Acts
Romans Rom.
1 Corinthians 1 Cor.
2 Corinthians 2 Cor.
Galatians Gal.
Philippians Php.
Colossians Col.
1 Thessalonians 1 Thess.
2 Thessalonians 2 Thess.
1 Timothy 1 Tim.
2 Timothy 2 Tim.
Titus Titus
Philemon Philem.
James Jas.
1 Peter 1 Pet.
2 Peter 2 Pet.
1 John 1 Jn.
2 John 2 Jn.
3 John 3 Jn.
Jude Jude
Revelation Rev.
Capitalization glossary
Abrahamic Covenant Age
ad (Latin abbreviation for “in the year of our Lord”) goes before the date (ad 2014)
Apostolic Age
Bronze Age
church age
Iron Age
Stone Age
Almighty God
amillennial, amillenarian, amillennialist
Ancient Near East the
Antichrist anti-Christian
antichrists (many)
the Apocrypha (but: apocryphal)
apostle(s) (but: the Twelve Apostles, the Twelve)
apostolic
archaeology
ark (any reference)
Ascension (specific biblical event)
Atonement (of Christ)
bc (English abbreviation for “before Christ”) goes after the date (586 bc)
Beatitudes
believer-priests
bema judgment
Bible
biblical
Black theology (an adjective is capitalized if used of people group: Brown soteriology, White America, etc. a color is lowercase if about something else: black skin, red flag, etc. Same with Queer theology or Trans rights as opposed to trans fats)
body of Christ
Book of books (Bible)
book of Job
a book of the Bible
book of life (mentioned in Rev. 20:15)
Bread of Life
bride of Christ
Calvary
Captivity (the Babylonian; nonspecific, lowercase)
Catholics
Catholicism (but: catholic, meaning universal)
chapter (general term) Chapter 6 (specific chapter)
charismatic
chief priest(s)
children of Israel
Christ Child
Christian education (but: Department of Christian Education)
Christlike
Christological
Christology
Christ’s kingdom
church (both universal and local)
the early church fathers (but: the Fathers)
the commandments (capitalize only when referring to the whole Decalogue: Ten Commandments, but: first commandment)
commencement
communion (the ordinance)
communists, communism (when referring to the political system)
covenant (but: Old Covenant and New Covenant)
Creation (the original)
the Creator
Critical Text
the Cross (figurative sense of Christ’s sacrifice and redemption)
cross (the wooden object)
the Crucifixion (when referring to Calvary in its total significance)
curriculum (plural: curricula, not: curriculums)
Davidic Covenant
Day of Atonement
Day of Pentecost Day
of the Lord
the Dead Sea Scrolls (DSS)
Decalogue
Department of Historical Theology (but: the Historical Theology department)
deity pronouns (He/Him/His in reference to God the Father, Son, or Holy Spirit)
devil
disciple(s) (but: the Twelve)
dispensationalism, dispensationalist
Easter Day
Epistle (when used in connection with the biblical letters, as “the Epistle to the Galatians,” “the Epistles,” “the Epistles of Paul,” “the Pauline Epistles,” “the Pastoral Epistles”; but Paul’s epistles)
eternal God
Eucharist
evangelicalism, evangelical
Exile (biblical event)
Exodus (biblical event)
Fall (of man, biblical event)
fall season
Father
the Father (God)
the Fathers (meaning the church fathers)
Feast of Tabernacles
Flood (biblical event—but: the flood of Noah’s day)
free grace, free grace theology
fundamentalism, fundamentalist
Garden of Eden
Garden of Gethsemane
Gentile
gnostic (when used as an adjective)
Gnostic(s), Gnosticism
Godhead
godless
godly
God-Man
gods (plural)
God’s Word
Golden Rule
the Good Shepherd
gospel (when referring to the evangelical message)
Gospel (one of the first four New Testament books)
Gospels (two or more of the first four New Testament books)
Great Commission
great white throne judgment
handbook
hell
high priest (but: High Priest when referring to Jesus)
Holy Land
holy of holies, holy place, most holy place (in the tabernacle and temple)
Holy One (God)
Holy Ghost, Holy Spirit
the Incarnation
the intertestamental period, intertestamental literature, etc.
Jehovah
judgment seat of Christ
the just
for the unjust
King of kings
the kingdom
kingdom of Christ (likewise: Messianic kingdom)
kingdom of God
kingdom of heaven
Lamb of God
Last Supper
Law (Pentateuch or the Ten Commandments; lowercase for any other reason)
Law of Moses
liberation theology
Living Water (Jesus)
“living water” (salvation)
the Lord (but: if a direct translation from the Hebrew name, Lord)
Lord of lords
Lord’s Day (Sunday)
Lord’s Prayer (specific prayer taught by Jesus)
Lord’s Supper
Lord’s Table
lordship, lordship salvation
Majority Text
Markan priority
marriage supper of the Lamb
Masoretic Text (when used as a singular proper noun)
the Master (Jesus)
Mediator (Christ)
mercy seat
Messiah
messiahship
messianic
midrash (as a body of rabbinic literature; specific works within the collection would be capitalized and italicized such as Genesis Rabbah) midrashim (plural) midrashic (adjective)
millenarian
millenarianism (likewise, premillennialism, amillennialism, postmillennialism)
millennial
millennium
Mosaic Covenant
Mosaic Law
Most High (name of God)
most holy place
New Covenant
New Jerusalem
New Testament
Nicene fathers
Noah’s ark
non-Christian
Northern Kingdom (Israel)
Old Covenant
Old Testament
parable of the prodigal son (and other parables)
Passover feast (Feast of the Passover)
the person and work of Christ
the personhood of Christ
Person (if referencing one of the Trinity) e.g. The third Person of the Trinity
postmillennial, postmillenarian, postmillennialist
premillennial, premillenarian, premillennialist
Prince of Peace
Promised Land
prophet (the prophet Amos)
the Prophets (Hebrew division of the Old Testament)
Protestant
Protestantism
proto-Mark, proto-Luke, proto-Matthew
Psalm (specific song or chapter in the Psalms: Psalm 1, but: this psalm)
psalmist (psalmist David)
the psalms (general reference)
Psalms (the biblical book)
rabbi
rabbinical (but: Rabbinical Judaism)
rapture
the Redeemer
the Reformation
registration
the Resurrection (Jesus’; otherwise lowercase)
Righteous One
River Jordan
Sabbath Day
Sadducees
Sanhedrin
Satan
satanic
satanism
Savior
scribes
scriptural
Scripture (when referencing the Bible, otherwise scripture)
the Second Advent
the Second Coming (biblical event; but: Christ’s second coming)
the Second Temple period
Septuagint
Sermon on the Mount
Shekinah
Sin-bearer (Christ)
Son of Man
sonship
Southern Kingdom (Judah)
the Spirit of God
the Spirit of Truth
spring season (summer, fall, winter, spring)
Stoic(s) (member of the philosophy begun by Zeno)
stoic (an attitude)
suffering
Servant (Christ)
Sunday school
Synoptics
Synoptic Gospels
systematic theology (unless used as a proper noun such as for a course, Systematic Theology)
tabernacle
Talmud
temple
the Ten Commandments (but: the first commandment)
the two-source (or document) hypothesis (or theory)
theology
theological
third world
throne of grace
Thy holy name
Transfiguration (any biblical event)
Tribulation
the Tribulation
the Great Tribulation
trinitarian
Trinity
Triumphal Entry
triune
TV (not T.V.)
the Twelve (referring to the apostles)
unbiblical
unchristian (but: un-Christlike, non-Christian)
Upper Room
White (Caucasian person but: lowercase for color as in white robes)
wise men (biblical)
woke
Wonderful One (title of God)
the Word (Bible or Christ)